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Batur is the first area in Indonesia that is considered worthy of being a geopark by UNESCO. This determination is an acceleration of the progress of the nature and culture-based tourism industry that helps the welfare of the surrounding community with the principle of sustainability. This study aims to examine the role of several parties in enhancing UNESCO global geopark in Batur Bali of Indonesia as well as promoting local economic welfare. The study adopted a qualitative study with case study approach to gain a comprehensive result of the phenomenon. The qualitative content analysis and narrative analysis was used to process various information. This study focuses in UNESCO Global Geopark Batur Bali in Indonesia as the first and most successful in creating a better economic welfare primarily during and post the Covid-19 pandemic. The findings indicate that the Penta helix model can be used to develop Geopark Batur Bali and Indonesia in general in which each party plays their role in this development tourism and local economic development.
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Distance estimation between two or more objects is a crucial task in the computer vision research area. Moreover, in the era of COVID-19, it becomes an urgent issue as it can enable social distance preserved. Distance estimation could be done using stereo vision (stereoscopic photogammetry) but requires more complexity. In this paper, researchers show distance estimation is possible using only monocular vision. We propose a deep-learning based method, Mobilenet Single Shot Detector (MSSD), combined with Camera Calibration to detect objects and estimate the distance between them in the setting of monocular vision. To verify the robustness of the proposed method, we created a dataset video using a monocular camera. The experimental results showed the performance of the proposed method could estimate the distance properly using the recorded dataset. © 2023 American Institute of Physics Inc.. All rights reserved.
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Edutourism is a tourism development model that combines fun and recreational tourism activities while still presenting educational values that can be done outside of school. UNESCO Global Geopark Batur, Bali, is one of the leading tourist attraction locations that can be developed to support edutourism activities., The COVID-19 pandemic has limited the public’s ability to access geoparks and carry out edutourism activities. However, the number of internet users via smartphones in Indonesia continues to increase during the pandemic and encourages digital acceleration in all sectors, including education and tourism. This study aims to introduce and evaluate a mobile GIS application as a spatial data-based information media for the geopark area at UNESCO Global Geopark Batur Bali in a more exciting and informative way for edutourism. The study adopted ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation) to develop and evaluate the mobile GIS application. The feature of the application provides edutourism itineraries, navigation, interpretive information, digital maps, guide route selection for users, geopark areas, geographical diversity, biodiversity, cultural diversity, tourist destinations, and geological disaster hazards map of the volcanic eruption of Batur. Additionally, the evaluation indicates that the application is categorized as appropriate to be used for edutourism purposes.
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Introduction: The emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, the cause of the COVID-19 pandemic, in late 2019 put every country on high alert and led to major changes in global diagnostic testing capability in infectious disease. From the outset it was apparent that local health authorities were under-prepared and under-staffed to cope with the rapid onset and spread of the disease. Demand for SAR-CoV-2 testing soared, highlighting the limitations of capacity in existing infectious disease laboratories along with requests from governments to support growing testing need. We partnered with US and UK Governments to establish, supply, staff and operate three large-scale, high-throughput SARS-CoV-2 testing facilities. These were ultimately established in Valencia, CA, offering testing of up to 150k samples per day, and in Loughborough and Newport, UK, offering a combined testing of up to 70k samples per day. The biggest challenge faced globally was the unprecedented scale of testing required and the timeframe to deliver a reliable and sensitive high-throughput assay. The benefits of industry and government partnerships become evident along with having a dedicated supply chain to feed the reagent and consumable needs for high-throughput testing as well as a highly accurate test with a fast turnaround time. Experts from multiple divisions, including R&D, Genomics, Enterprise, and regional centres were bought into the project, resulting in the establishment of SARS-CoV-2 testing within the three facilities in approximately eight weeks. Clinical testing experts in high-throughput, newborn screening, and rare disease testing, built molecular testing pipelines for the facilities based around the use of real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays and sequencing. Laboratories were setup to meet the requirements set by various regulatory and accreditation agencies such as Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments, College of American Pathologies, the UK National Health Service validation group and ISO15189. Methods: Underpinning the testing was the massive IT and bioinformatics effort to enable reporting of the testing outcomes to the relevant authorities. We were able to deploy a novel LIMS system that is used throughout the laboratories to maintain sample chain of custody from arrival at the facility to reporting of results and incorporating interpretive software to support clinical interpretation of the resulting RT-PCR data. The LIMS systems are constantly undergoing improvement to support interpretation and troubleshooting. Local experts in clinical interpretation and reporting were onboarded to augment data analysis and ensure high-quality and reliable reporting whilst ensuring that clinical governance remains at the centre of all activities. Results: Before any SARS-CoV-2 testing was able to commence, several significant challenges were overcome by combining the expertise of our global teams with the local knowledge and support of the respective Governments. Experts in logistics and program management were able to convert three empty facilities with no pre-existing laboratory infrastructure into fully functional clinical testing laboratories within eight weeks. Our assay manufacturing capacity was majorly expanded to accommodate the requirements of SARS-CoV-2 testing, with all three facilities operating on automated platforms and utilizing chemistry with a dedicated secure supply chain. The final major challenge was rapid onboarding and training of staff for the facilities, and a year out, the two active facilities are currently employing over 600 individuals. Conclusion: To date the three facilities have performed over 12 million SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR assays and SARS-CoV-2 testing will continue into 2022. The number of cases is again growing globally, and with the emergence of new variants and continual uncertainty about the impact on existing vaccines, there is an ongoing requirement for this scale of testing. From the experience of the SARS-CoV-2 global pandemic, the benefits of industry and government collaboration or the public has become much clearer, including greater access to large-scale testing options, significant reductions in time-to-testing and reporting and the rapid deployment of modern, cutting edge technology in diagnostic and monitoring programmes and eventually reduced costs to health services from mass-production. Ultimately the longevity of the individual testing facilities is unclear, but the future of large-scale clinical testing has changed forever and the legacy of this is the clear benefit to everybody when industry and governments work together to provide the public high quality and reliable testing operations.
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Background: Historically, pts have been admitted for overnight observation following atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation. The COVID-19 pandemic ushered the need to consider same day discharge (SDD). It remains unclear how to identify pts who can safely undergo SDD. Objective: To evaluate acute (within 4 hrs) and subacute (within 24 hrs) safety of SDD post AF ablation;we also sought to identify predictors of safe discharge. Methods: All pts undergoing AF ablation at our center following the end of the COVID imposed lockdown were enrolled. In each pt, ICE guided single transseptal puncture using the VersaCross® (Baylis) system was performed. Following ablation, protamine was not administered;all femoral venous access sites were closed with Vascade™ (Cardiva Medical) closure devices. Pts ambulated after 2 hrs of bedrest. Pts who had SDD were compared to those who stayed for overnight observation. Results: The cohort included 226 pts (65 ± 10 yrs, 157 [69%] male, 118 [52%] PAF, CHA2DS2 -VASc 2.4 ± 1.7). Cryo PVI was performed in 193 (85%) pts;34 (15%) pts had a redo procedure. SDD was attempted in 126 pts and successfully accomplished in 115 (91%) pts at 251 + 72 minutes from procedure end. The most common reason for failed SDD attempt was access site oozing necessitating additional bedrest. No SDD pt had a major complication. Overnight observation was performed in 100 (44%) pts, most commonly due to physician/pt preference. Compared to pts who had SDD, these pts were older and more likely to have heart failure and history of TIA/stroke. Oozing within the first 4 hrs was observed at a similar rate to SDD pts. A minor complication was seen in 1 pt each in SDD and overnight stay group between 4 and 24 hrs of ablation (Figure). Conclusions: Our study shows that when attempted, SDD after AF ablation can be accomplished in >90% of pts. Venous access site oozing was the greatest hinderance to pts going home. However, if pts had no issue 4 hrs after AF ablation, they had an uneventful course over the next 24 hrs. (Figure Presented).
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Background: To curb Corona Virus Diseases 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and Hepatitis B further spread, the local Health Ministry collaborated with local communities to build COVID-19 and Hepatitis B Ambassador. This program utilizes the youth generation to support health promotion and health prevention. This study aims to evaluate the motivation, commitment, and knowledge of the youth generation as very few studies have attempted to analyze them. Methods: Fifty-seven participants who participated in the Ambassador program were voluntarily enrolled in the study. We conducted an online survey and presented them with a questionnaire while monitoring their progress in the live video call. The qualitative and quantitative data were analyzed statistically to find the correlation between the variables. Results: The youths' motivation for joining health programs comprises benefit-driven motivation and mostly altruistic motivation. Most of the youth participants gave a high number of commitment percentages and good opinions regarding both disease management by the local government. There is a significant correlation between the participants' commitment with their knowledge regarding Surabaya and COVID-19 (p<0.001), but not with hepatitis B (p=0.153). There is a significant positive correlation between participants' knowledge of Surabaya city with knowledge of COVID-19 (r=0.255;p=0.018) and Hepatitis B (r=0.331;p=0.003). The participants' age affects their commitment significantly (p<0.001). Conclusion: The motivation, commitment, and knowledge of the youth generation that joining the health ambassador program were correlated with each other. These findings might give an insight, especially for the government to encourage the youth generation to help supporting health promotion and health prevention. © 2021 Academia Nacional de Medicina. All rights reserved.
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Novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has become a global health emergency. It has been reported that a few conditions, including cancer, predispose individuals to SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe form of COVID-19. These findings led us to evaluate the susceptibility of colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) patients to SARS-CoV-2 infection by investigating ACE2 expression in their tumor tissues. The expression analysis revealed that both mRNA and protein levels of ACE2 had increased in colon cancer samples than normal group. Next, the prognosis analysis has indicated that the upregulation of ACE2 was not correlated with patient survival outcomes. Further assessment displayed the hypomethylation of the ACE2 gene promoter in COAD patients. This methylation status has a strong negative correlation with ACE2 gene expression. The functional enrichment analysis of the genes that had similar expression patterns with ACE2 in colon cancer tissues demonstrated that they mainly enriched in Vitamin digestion and absorption pathway. Finally, we found that ACE2 gene expression had a significant association with the immune cell infiltration levels in COAD patients. In conclusion, it has plausible that COAD patients are more likely to be infected with SARS-CoV-2 and experience severe injuries. Moreover, COVID-19 would bring unfavorable survival outcomes for patients with colon cancer by way of immune cell infiltration linked process. The present study highlights the importance of preventiveactionsfor COAD patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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This first problem is closely related to the second problem, namely belief in the causes of mental disorders. Lack of understanding and awareness of mental health, makes people unwilling to seek a help, or seeking a help outside the health system, for example to a shaman or psychic. After several years and showing no progress, the patient is brought to a doctor. According to research shows that different beliefs of the causes of mental disorders will have an impact on the intention of seeking help to a shaman, scholar or psychiatrist. The results of research on 100 psychosis patients and their nurses (mostly parents or one of couples of the sufferers) showed that 67% chose traditional or alternative medicine before going to the doctor. The next problem is the stigma or misconception toward a mental illness. In our society, mental illness is still considered a disgrace, so people with mental disorders often go undetected because they do not seek help or they are isolated by their families. Stigma is also negatively correlated with people's willingness to help. In literature, mental health literacy which includes knowledge and beliefs of mental disorders. Low mental health literacy decrease the society's belief toward the efficacy of standard mental health treatment.
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BACKGROUND: Healthcare worker (HCW)-associated coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is of global concern due to the potential for nosocomial spread and depletion of staff numbers. However, the literature on transmission routes and risk factors for COVID-19 in HCWs is limited. AIM: To examine the characteristics and transmission dynamics of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in HCWs in a university teaching hospital in London, UK. METHODS: Staff records and virology testing results were combined to identify staff sickness and COVID-19 rates from March to April 2020. Comparisons were made with staff professional groups, department of work, and ethnicity. FINDINGS: COVID-19 rates in our HCWs largely rose and declined in parallel with the number of community cases. White and non-White ethnic groups among our HCWs had similar rates of infection. Clinical staff had a higher rate of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 than non-clinical staff, but total sickness rates were similar. Doctors had the highest rate of infection, but took the fewest sickness days. Critical care had lower rates than the emergency department (ED), but rates in the ED declined when all staff were advised to use personal protective equipment (PPE). CONCLUSION: Sustained transmission of SARS-CoV-2 among our hospital staff did not occur, beyond the community outbreak, even in the absence of strict infection control measures in non-clinical areas. Current PPE appears to be effective when used appropriately. Our findings emphasize the importance of testing both clinical and non-clinical staff groups during a pandemic.